Pneumatic Compression Device Start Price USD 3,000.00 Current Price USD 3,000.00 Time Left - Bid Count 0 Buy It Now Price - Reserve Price - Start Time Monday, September 01, 2008 End Time Monday, September 08, 2008 Location Carlsbad, NM See more about 'Pneumatic Compression Device ' Description   Brand new, never been used. Whats In the Box? NormaTec PCD  NormaTec Hose and Y Power Cable 2 NormaTec Boots Patient Instruction Manuel 2 NormaTec Stockinets Description Pneumatic compression devices consist of an inflatable garment for the arm, leg, or foot and an electrical pneumatic pump that fills the garment with compressed air. The garment is intermittently inflated and deflated with cycle times and pressures that vary between devices. Intermittent pneumatic compression may be administered to the lower leg or the plantar portion of the foot. Lower leg pneumatic compression devices consist of a double-lined stocking that contains a bladder that intermittently and segmentally inflates forcing increased venous return. The plantar foot pump device uses the physiologic pump formed by the venous plantar plexus in the sole of the foot, which imitates the natural sequence of physical venous flow. Both types of intermittent pneumatic compression are designed to stimulate and maintain pulsatile blood flow in the deep veins. Leg ulcers comprise a diverse group of cutaneous diseases with different pathogenesis. However, 70 to 80% of lower leg ulcers fall within the category of "venous" disorders. Foot ulcers are both limb and life threatening for diabetics. After an initial amputation, the incidence of second amputation increases with a significant 5-year mortality. The goal of venous ulcer therapy is to reverse the effects of venous hypertension. The combination of compression therapy and moist wound care will heal about 50% of venous ulcers. Compression choices include Unna's boot and its modifications: multilayer compression wraps, graduated compression elastic stockings, orthotic compression devices and pneumatic compression pumps. Generally ischemic (arterial) ulcers appear on distal feet and toes, sites of diminished vascular perfusion. Ischemic symptoms include intermittent claudication and supine nocturnal pain, relieved by foot dangling. Compression therapy is usually contraindicated in the treatment of arterial ulcers because it exacerbates ischemia. However, one type of compression device has been developed which incorporates a heart monitor so that pneumatic compression can be timed to the end-diastolic portion of the heart rhythm to improve arterial flow and heal ischemic ulcers (e.g., The Circulator Boot). Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are major complications, which result in significant morbidity and mortality following, for example, major abdominal surgery and multiple trauma. Approximately 70% of patients with fatal pulmonary embolism are diagnosed at autopsy because the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism is not suspected clinically. The majority of patients with pulmonary embolism die within 30 minutes after the onset of symptoms, preventing timely administration of thrombolytic therapy or surgical intervention. Improved methods of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention are therefore needed to lower the mortality associated with pulmonary embolism. The methods utilized in prevention are early ambulation, use of compression hose, intermittent pneumatic compression pumps, unfractionated heparin, and low molecular weight heparin. Prophylactic therapy for prevention of DVT is routinely utilized in the in-patient setting with major abdominal, pelvic, extremity or neurologic surgery or following major trauma. Generally, prophylactic therapy is discontinued when the patient is fully ambulatory and no longer requires extended periods of bedrest. Patients who remain at high risk or who continue to require extended periods of bedrest may require prophylaxis beyond the hospital stay. There are a number of pneumatic compression devices available. However, there are no published comparative clinical data that one pneumatic compression device is more effective than another. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) include patients undergoing major surgery (operations of the lower extremities, vascular, orthopedic, pelvic and abdominal surgeries), trauma patients, advanced age, obesity, varicose veins, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and fractures of the pelvis, hip, or leg. In addition, patients with hypercoagulation syndromes that are predisposed to DVT are at greater risk when hospitalized or undergoing surgery. In February 2003 The National Experts’ Consensus Panels for Clinical Excellence in Thrombosis Management convened to address issues related to prophylaxis VTE in hospitalized patients. (1) The resulting guidelines identified the need for more rigorous identification and prophylactic treatment of patients at risk for VTE. The list of risk factors was extensive and included age greater than 40 years, patients in the Intensive Care Unit, prior history of VTE, obesity, nonhemorrhagic ischemic stroke, heart failure, chronic lung disease, malignancy, thrombophilia, active collagen-vascular disease, inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, central venous line, nephrotic syndrome. According to the guidelines, VTE prophylaxis is underutilized and VTE remains a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. According to Salzman and colleagues patients with multiple risk factors have an accumulative risk. (1) For example, elderly patients with hip fracture undergoing surgery who will remain immobile following surgery are the most susceptible to pulmonary embolism (PE). The large body of published data on the incidence of PE, the effectiveness of various prophylactic techniques and the risk of hemorrhage, in some patients, when heparin is used provide the argument for the use of intermittent compression devices in DVT prevention.  The newer plantar intermittent compression devices have the added advantage of reproducing the physiological mechanisms of venous return. The normal physiologic foot pump consists of venae comitantes of the lateral plantar artery that respond to the immediate effects of weight bearing rather than muscular movement. Upon weight bearing, the venous foot pump is immediately emptied with the flattening of the plantar arch and the longitudinal stretching of the veins. As these veins constrict, blood is moved up into the deep calf veins and the long and short saphenous veins, towards the heart. The enhancement of venous blood flow in post-surgical, trauma and other non-ambulatory patients is generally desirable because poor circulation is often accompanied by edema, pain, delayed healing and the risk of thrombosis. Bradley and colleageus randomized 74 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty to intermittent plantar compression (IPC) or no IPC. (2) All patients wore anti-embolic stockings and received heparin prophylaxis. The incidence of DVT was assessed by bilateral ascending venography. Results indicate the incidence of DVT was 6.6% in the IPC group and 27.27% in the non-IPC group. The authors conclude that chemical prophylaxis plus the use of IPC reduces the incidence of thromboembolic events further than chemical prophylaxis alone. Angelen and colleagues randomized 124 trauma patients (fractures of pelvis, acetabulum, or femur to plantar intermittent compression or leg intermittent compression to determine if in a population considered having contraindications for anticoagulation therapy whether IPC is an effective alternative. (3) Assessment for deep vein thrombosis was performed with duplex ultrasonography at intervals after surgery. Both methods proved protective in comparison with reported rates in patients not given prophylaxis (4% for plantar IPC and 0% for leg IPC). Maxwell and colleagues randomized 211 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery for gynecologic malignancy to prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin or intermittent lower leg pneumatic compression. (4) The median age was 61 years. Patients in the two groups shared similar preoperative risk for DVT. Low molecular weight heparin and pneumatic compression were similarly effective in postoperative prophylaxis and LMW heparin was not associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications. Evidence from several clinical studies indicates that intermittent pneumatic compression pumps improve healing in chronic venous ulcers resulting from chronic venous insufficiency. Two studies compared treatment with conventional Unna boot therapy with intermittent pneumatic compression in patients with chronic venous ulcers. The studies indicate that pneumatic compression devices provide faster healing than Unna boot therapy. (5,6,7) However, it is not known whether the faster healing time is statistically or clinically significant. In the treatment of venous insufficiency and prevention of venous ulcers, Kumar and colleagues reported no benefit when IPC is used as an adjuvant therapy to help prevent recurrence of ulcers based on a limited clinical trial. (9) Compression therapy can exacerbate ischemic disease and therefore is contraindicated in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease or arterial ulcers. However, some published evidence suggests that modified compression therapy may be effective in improving arterial blood flow and improve healing of ischemic ulcers. Vella and colleagues treated 29 patients with ischemic leg ulcers with circular boot pneumatic compression therapy. (8) The 29 patients had transcutaneous oxygen pressures of less than 20 mmHg at the ulcer site. Nineteen patients had a favorable outcome following circular boot therapy. A favorable outcome was documented if the wound healed completely, the ulcer decreased in size, or the affected limb improved sufficiently to allow successful revascularization. The remaining 10 patients failed to receive benefit from therapy and went on to amputation or the ulcer increased in size. Montori and colleagues conducted a retrospective analysis of intermittent compression pump therapy for critical limb ischemia at the Mayo Clinic wound clinic. (11) Of the 107 patients, 101 had lower extremity ulcers. Of all the wounds, 64% were multifactorial in etiology, and 60% had associated transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO(2)) levels below 20 mmHg. At a median 6 months, complete wound healing with limb preservation was achieved by 40% of patients with TcPO(2) levels below 20 mmHg, and by 48% with osteomyelitis or active wound infection. Since the analysis was retrospective and without controls, conclusions cannot be drawn concerning the individual impact of intermittent compression therapy on health outcomes. The evidence for pneumatic compression therapy for ischemic arterial ulcers is limited therefore conclusions concerning safety and effectiveness can not be drawn.     Place a Bid!